P T

Drug Index

Parenteral nutrition (PN) is the feeding of nutritional products to a person intravenously,[1] bypassing the usual process of eating and digestion. The products are made by pharmaceutical compounding companies.[2] The person receives a nutritional mix according to a formula including glucose, salts, amino acids, lipids and vitamins and dietary minerals[citation needed]. It is called total parenteral nutrition (TPN) or total nutrient admixture ...

Drug Index

Parenteral nutrition (PN) is the feeding of nutritional products to a person intravenously,[1] bypassing the usual process of eating and digestion. The products are made by pharmaceutical compounding companies.[2] The person receives a nutritional mix according to a formula including glucose, salts, amino acids, lipids and vitamins and dietary minerals[citation needed]. It is called total parenteral nutrition (TPN) or total nutrient admixture ...

Olopatadine Hydrochloride

Olopatadine, sold under the brand name Opatanol among others, is a medication used to decrease the symptoms of allergic conjunctivitis and allergic rhinitis (hay fever).[2] It is used as eye drops or as a nasal spray.[2] The eye drops generally result in an improvement within half an hour.[2] Common side effects include headache, sore throat, eye discomfort, change in taste.[3][2] More significant side effects may...

Olopatadine

Olopatadine, sold under the brand name Opatanol among others, is a medication used to decrease the symptoms of allergic conjunctivitis and allergic rhinitis (hay fever).[2] It is used as eye drops or as a nasal spray.[2] The eye drops generally result in an improvement within half an hour.[2] Common side effects include headache, sore throat, eye discomfort, change in taste.[3][2] More significant side effects may...

Dicloxacillin

Dicloxacillin is a narrow-spectrum β-lactam antibiotic of the penicillin class.[1] It is used to treat infections caused by susceptible (non-resistant) Gram-positive bacteria.[1] It is active against beta-lactamase-producing organisms such as Staphylococcus aureus, which would otherwise be resistant to most penicillins. Dicloxacillin is available under a variety of trade names including Diclocil (BMS).[2] It was patented in 1961 and approve...

Drug Index

Patiromer, sold under the brand name Veltassa, is a medication used to treat high blood potassium.[3] It is taken by mouth.[3] Common side effects include constipation, low blood magnesium, and abdominal pain.[3] It works by binding potassium in the gut.[4][1] It was approved for medical use in the United States in 2015.[3] Contents 1 Medical uses 2 Adverse effects 3 Interactions 4 Pharmacology ...

Drug Index

Patisiran, sold under the brand name Onpattro, is a medication for the treatment of polyneuropathy in people with hereditary transthyretin-mediated amyloidosis, a fatal rare disease that is estimated to affect 50,000 people worldwide.[1] It is the first small interfering RNA-based drug approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the first drug approved by the FDA to treat this condition.[1] It is a gene silencing drug that interferes with the pr...

Drug Index

Pitavastatin (usually as a calcium salt) is a member of the blood cholesterol lowering medication class of statins.[1] Like other statins, it is an inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase, the enzyme that catalyses the first step of cholesterol synthesis. It was patented in 1987 and approved for medical use in 2003.[2] It is available in Japan, South Korea and in India.[3] In the US, it received FDA approval in 2009.[4] Kowa Pharmaceutica...

Drug Index

Pitavastatin (usually as a calcium salt) is a member of the blood cholesterol lowering medication class of statins.[1] Like other statins, it is an inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase, the enzyme that catalyses the first step of cholesterol synthesis. It was patented in 1987 and approved for medical use in 2003.[2] It is available in Japan, South Korea and in India.[3] In the US, it received FDA approval in 2009.[4] Kowa Pharmaceutica...

Drug Index

Pitavastatin (usually as a calcium salt) is a member of the blood cholesterol lowering medication class of statins.[1] Like other statins, it is an inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase, the enzyme that catalyses the first step of cholesterol synthesis. It was patented in 1987 and approved for medical use in 2003.[2] It is available in Japan, South Korea and in India.[3] In the US, it received FDA approval in 2009.[4] Kowa Pharmaceutica...

Oxytocin

Oxytocin (Oxt or OT) is a peptide hormone and neuropeptide normally produced in the hypothalamus and released by the posterior pituitary.[3] It plays a role in social bonding, reproduction, childbirth, and the period after childbirth.[4][5][6][7] Oxytocin is released into the bloodstream as a hormone in response to sexual activity and during labour.[8][9] It is also available in pha...

Drug Index

Pitolisant, sold under the brand name Wakix among others, is a medication for the treatment of excessive daytime sleepiness in adults with narcolepsy.[1] It is a histamine 3 (H3) receptor antagonist/inverse agonist.[1] It represents the first commercially available medication in its class.[4] Pitolisant enhances the activity of histaminergic neurons in the brain that function to improve a person's wakefulness.[5] The most common ...

Vasopressin, ADH

Vasopressin, also called antidiuretic hormone (ADH), arginine vasopressin (AVP) or argipressin,[5] is a hormone synthesized from the AVP gene as a peptide prohormone in neurons in the hypothalamus,[6] and is converted to AVP. It then travels down the axon terminating in the posterior pituitary, and is released from vesicles into the circulation in response to extracellular fluid hypertonicity (hyperosmolality). AVP has two primary functions. First, it increas...

Tolnaftate

Tolnaftate (INN)[1] is a synthetic thiocarbamate used as an anti-fungal agent that may be sold without medical prescription in most jurisdictions. It is supplied as a cream, powder, spray, liquid, and liquid aerosol.[2] Tolnaftate is used to treat fungal conditions such as jock itch, athlete's foot and ringworm.[2] Contents 1 Mechanism 2 Uses 3 Side effects 4 See also 5 References 6 External links Mechanism Although the exact mechanism o...

Aminobenzoate Potassium

4-Aminobenzoic acid (also known as para-aminobenzoic acid or PABA because the two functional groups are attached to the benzene ring across from one another in the para position) is an organic compound with the formula H2NC6H4CO2H. PABA is a white solid, although commercial samples can appear gray. It is slightly soluble in water. It consists of a benzene ring substituted with amino and carboxyl groups. The compound occurs extensively in the natural world. Contents 1 Production and occu...

Drug Index

Sodium phosphate is a generic term for a variety of salts of sodium (Na+) and phosphate (PO43−). Phosphate also forms families or condensed anions including di-, tri-, tetra-, and polyphosphates. Most of these salts are known in both anhydrous (water-free) and hydrated forms. The hydrates are more common than the anhydrous forms.[1] Contents 1 Uses 2 Adverse effects 3 Monophosphates 4 Di- and polyphosphates 5 References 6 External links Uses Sodium phosphates have...

Potassium

Potassium chloride (KCl, or potassium salt) is a metal halide salt composed of potassium and chlorine. It is odorless and has a white or colorless vitreous crystal appearance. The solid dissolves readily in water, and its solutions have a salt-like taste. Potassium chloride can be obtained from ancient dried lake deposits.[7] KCl is used as a fertilizer,[8] in medicine, in scientific applications, and in food processing, where it may be known as E number additi...

Drug Index

Potassium citrate (also known as tripotassium citrate) is a potassium salt of citric acid with the molecular formula K3C6H5O7. It is a white, hygroscopic crystalline powder. It is odorless with a saline taste. It contains 38.28% potassium by mass. In the monohydrate form, it is highly hygroscopic and deliquescent. As a food additive, potassium citrate is used to regulate acidity, and is known as E number E332. Medicinally, it may be used to control kidney stones derived from uric acid or cyst...

Drug Index

Potassium iodide is a chemical compound, medication, and dietary supplement.[3][4] As a medication it is used to treat hyperthyroidism, in radiation emergencies, and to protect the thyroid gland when certain types of radiopharmaceuticals are used.[5] In the developing world it is also used to treat skin sporotrichosis and phycomycosis.[5][6] As a supplement it is used in those who have low intake of iodine in the ...

Drug Index

Theophylline, also known as 1,3-dimethylxanthine, is a phosphodiesterase inhibiting drug used in therapy for respiratory diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma under a variety of brand names. As a member of the xanthine family, it bears structural and pharmacological similarity to theobromine and caffeine, and is readily found in nature, being present in tea (Camellia sinensis) and cocoa (Theobroma cacao). A small amount of theophylline is one of the products...