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100+ Topics FoundTrabectedin, sold under the brand name Yondelis, is an antitumor chemotherapy medication for the treatment of advanced soft-tissue sarcoma and ovarian cancer.[3][4] The most common adverse reactions include nausea, fatigue, vomiting, constipation, decreased appetite, diarrhea, peripheral edema, dyspnea, and headache.[3][4] It is sold by Pharma Mar S.A. and Johnson and Johnson. It is approved for use in the European Union, Russia,...
In the context of nutrition, a mineral is a chemical element required as an essential nutrient by organisms to perform functions necessary for life.[1][2][3] However, the four major structural elements in the human body by weight (oxygen, hydrogen, carbon, and nitrogen), are usually not included in lists of major nutrient minerals (nitrogen is considered a "mineral" for plants, as it often is included in fertilizers). These four elements compos...
Bosentan, sold under the brand name Tracleer and Safebo among others, is a dual endothelin receptor antagonist medication used in the treatment of pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH).[2][3] Bosentan is available as film-coated tablets (62.5mg or 125mg) or as dispersable tablets for oral suspension (32mg).[2] Contents 1 Medical uses 2 Adverse effects 3 Mechanism of action 4 Pharmacokinetics 5 History 6 Society and culture 6.1 Economics 7 See...
Atracurium besilate, also known as atracurium besylate, is a medication used in addition to other medications to provide skeletal muscle relaxation during surgery or mechanical ventilation.[1] It can also be used to help with endotracheal intubation but suxamethonium (succinylcholine) is generally preferred if this needs to be done quickly.[1] It is given by injection into a vein.[1] Effects are greatest at about 4 minutes and last for up to an ...
Linagliptin, sold under the brand name Trajenta among others, is a medication used to treat diabetes mellitus type 2.[4][5] It is generally less preferred than metformin and sulfonylureas as an initial treatment.[4][6] It is used together with exercise and diet.[4] It is not recommended in type 1 diabetes.[4] It is taken by mouth.[4] Common side effects include inflammation of the n...
An ulcer is a sore on the skin or a mucous membrane, accompanied by the disintegration of tissue. Ulcers can result in complete loss of the epidermis and often portions of the dermis and even subcutaneous fat. Ulcers are most common on the skin of the lower extremities and in the gastrointestinal tract. An ulcer that appears on the skin is often visible as an inflamed tissue with an area of reddened skin. A skin ulcer is often visible in the event of exposure to heat or cold, irritation, or a...
In the context of nutrition, a mineral is a chemical element required as an essential nutrient by organisms to perform functions necessary for life.[1][2][3] However, the four major structural elements in the human body by weight (oxygen, hydrogen, carbon, and nitrogen), are usually not included in lists of major nutrient minerals (nitrogen is considered a "mineral" for plants, as it often is included in fertilizers). These four elements compos...
Tralokinumab sold under the brand name Adtralza among others, is a human monoclonal antibody used for the treatment of atopic dermatitis.[1][3] Tralokinumab targets the cytokine interleukin 13.[5] The most common side effects include upper respiratory tract infections (colds and other infections of the nose and throat), reactions at the injection site, and redness and discomfort in the eye.[3] Tralokinumab was approved for medica...
Tramadol, sold under the brand name Ultram among others,[1] is an opioid pain medication used to treat moderate to moderately severe pain.[3] When taken by mouth in an immediate-release formulation, the onset of pain relief usually begins within an hour.[3] It is also available by injection.[10] It may be sold in combination with paracetamol (acetaminophen) or as longer-acting formulations.[3][10] ...
Trametinib (trade name Mekinist & Meqsel both by Novartis ) is a cancer drug. It is a MEK inhibitor drug with anti-cancer activity.[1]It inhibits MEK1 and MEK2.[1] Trametinib had good results for metastatic melanoma carrying the BRAF V600E mutation in a phase III clinical trial. In this mutation, the amino acid valine (V) at position 600 within the BRAF protein has become replaced by glutamic acid (E) making the mutant BRAF protein constitutively active.&a...
Meprobamate—marketed as Miltown by Wallace Laboratories and Equanil by Wyeth, among others—is a carbamate derivative used as an anxiolytic drug. It was the best-selling minor tranquilizer for a time, but has largely been replaced by the benzodiazepines due to their wider therapeutic index (lower risk of toxicity at therapeutically prescribed doses) and lower incidence of serious side effects. Contents 1 History 2 Pharmacology 3 Indications 4 Side effects and overdose 5 Health is...
Labetalol is a medication used to treat high blood pressure and in long term management of angina.[1][2] This includes essential hypertension, hypertensive emergencies, and hypertension of pregnancy.[2] In essential hypertension it is generally less preferred than a number of other blood pressure medications.[1] It can be given by mouth or by injection into a vein.[1] Common side effects include low blood pressure...
Trandolapril is an ACE inhibitor used to treat high blood pressure. It may also be used to treat other conditions. It is similar in structure to another ACE Inhibitor, Ramipril but has a cyclohexane group. It also is a pro-drug and must get metabolized. It has an extended half-life and therefore has a higher potency. It was patented in 1981, and approved for medical use in 1993.[1] It is marketed by Abbott Laboratories under the brand name Mavik. Contents 1 Side effects 2 ...
Trandolapril/verapamil (Tarka)[2] is an oral antihypertensive medication that combines a slow release formulation of verapamil hydrochloride, a calcium channel blocker, and an immediate release formulation of trandolapril, an ACE inhibitor. The patent, held by Abbott Laboratories, expired on February 24, 2015. This combination medication contains angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor and calcium channel blocker and is prescribed for high blood pressure.[3&#...
Tranexamic acid (TXA) is a medication used to treat or prevent excessive blood loss from major trauma, postpartum bleeding, surgery, tooth removal, nosebleeds, and heavy menstruation.[1][2] It is also used for hereditary angioedema.[1][3] It is taken either orally or by injection into a vein.[1] Side effects are rare.[3] Some include changes in color vision, blood clots, and allergic reactions.&...
Scopolamine, also known as hyoscine,[7] or Devil's Breath,[8] is a natural or synthetically produced tropane alkaloid and anticholinergic drug that is formally used as a medication for treating motion sickness and postoperative nausea and vomiting.[9][1] It is also sometimes used before surgery to decrease saliva.[1] When used by injection, effects begin after about 20 minutes and last for up to 8 hours.[1...
Nitroglycerin, also known as glyceryl trinitrate (GTN), is a medication used for heart failure, high blood pressure, anal fissures, painful periods, and to treat and prevent chest pain caused by decreased blood flow to the heart (angina) or due to the recreational use of cocaine.[1][2][3][4] This includes chest pain from a heart attack.[1] It is taken by mouth, under the tongue, applied to the skin, or by injectio...
Clorazepate, sold under the brand name Tranxene among others, is a benzodiazepine medication. It possesses anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, sedative, hypnotic, and skeletal muscle relaxant properties. Clorazepate is an unusually long-lasting benzodiazepine and serves as a majoritive prodrug for the equally long-lasting desmethyldiazepam, which is rapidly produced as an active metabolite. Desmethyldiazepam is responsible for most of the therapeutic effects of clorazepate.[1] It was ...
Tranylcypromine (sold under the trade name Parnate among others)[1] is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI); more specifically, tranylcypromine acts as nonselective and irreversible inhibitor of the enzyme monoamine oxidase (MAO).[2][5] It is used as an antidepressant and anxiolytic agent in the clinical treatment of mood and anxiety disorders, respectively. Tranylcypromine is a propylamine formed from the cyclization of amphetamine's side chain...
Lorazepam, sold under the brand name Ativan among others, is a benzodiazepine medication.[3] It is used to treat anxiety disorders, trouble sleeping, severe agitation, active seizures including status epilepticus, alcohol withdrawal, and chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting.[3] It is also used during surgery to interfere with memory formation and to sedate those who are being mechanically ventilated.[3][7] It is also used, al...