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100+ Topics FoundDabigatran, sold under the brand name Pradaxa among others, is an anticoagulant used to treat and prevent blood clots and to prevent stroke in people with atrial fibrillation.[3][4] Specifically it is used to prevent blood clots following hip or knee replacement and in those with a history of prior clots.[3] It is used as an alternative to warfarin and does not require monitoring by blood tests.[3] It is taken by mouth.[3...
Pralatrexate, sold under the brand name Folotyn, is a medication used for the treatment of relapsed or refractory peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL).[1][2] Pralatrexate was approved for medical use in the United States in September 2009, as the first treatment for Peripheral T-cell Lymphoma (PTCL), an often aggressive type of non-Hodgkins lymphoma.[2][3] Contents 1 Medical uses 2 Mechanism 3 Discovery 4 Society and culture 4.1...
Pralidoxime (2-pyridine aldoxime methyl chloride) or 2-PAM, usually as the chloride or iodide salts, belongs to a family of compounds called oximes that bind to organophosphate-inactivated acetylcholinesterase.[1] It is used to treat organophosphate poisoning[2] in conjunction with atropine and either diazepam or midazolam. It is a white solid. Contents 1 Chemical synthesis 2 Mechanism of action 3 Dosage 4 Interactions 5 Contraindications 6 See also 7 Refere...
Pralsetinib, sold under the brand name Gavreto, is a medication for the treatment of metastatic RET fusion-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).[3] Pralsetinib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor. It is taken by mouth.[3] The most common adverse reactions include increased aspartate aminotransferase (AST), decreased hemoglobin, decreased lymphocytes, decreased neutrophils, increased alanine aminotransferase (ALT), increased creatinine, increased alkaline phos...
Alirocumab, sold under the brand name Praluent, is a medication used as a second-line treatment for high cholesterol for adults whose cholesterol is not controlled by diet and statin treatment. It is a human monoclonal antibody that belongs to a novel class of anti-cholesterol drugs, known as PCSK9 inhibitors, and it was the first such agent to receive FDA approval. The FDA approval was contingent on the completion of further clinical trials to better determine efficacy and safety.[...
Pramipexole, sold under the brand Mirapex among others, is medication used to treat Parkinson's disease (PD) and restless legs syndrome (RLS).[6] In Parkinson's disease it may be used alone or together with levodopa.[6] It is taken by mouth.[6] Pramipexole is a dopamine agonist of the non-ergoline class.[6] Pramipexole was approved for medical use in the United States in 1997.[6] Use in pregnancy and breastfeedin...
Pramlintide (trade name Symlin) is an injectable amylin analogue drug for diabetes (both type 1 and 2), developed by Amylin Pharmaceuticals (now a wholly owned subsidiary of AstraZeneca).[1] Pramlintide is sold as an acetate salt. Contents 1 Pharmacology 2 Approval 3 Design and structure 4 References 5 External links Pharmacology Pramlintide is an analogue of amylin, a small peptide hormone that is released into the bloodstream by the β cells of the pancreas along ...
Cortisol is a steroid hormone, in the glucocorticoid class of hormones. When used as a medication, it is known as hydrocortisone. It is produced in many animals, mainly by the zona fasciculata of the adrenal cortex in the adrenal gland.[1][bettersourceneeded] It is produced in other tissues in lower quantities.[2] It is released with a diurnal cycle and its release is increased in response to stress and low blood-glucose concentration. It functi...
Pramocaine (INN and BAN, also known as pramoxine or pramoxine HCI) is a topical anesthetic discovered at Abbott Laboratories in 1953[1] and used as an antipruritic. During research and development, pramocaine hydrochloride stood out among a series of alkoxy aryl alkamine ethers as an especially good topical local anesthetic agent.[1] Pharmacologic study revealed it to be potent and of low acute and subacute toxicity, well tolerated by most mucous membranes and ...
Pramocaine (INN and BAN, also known as pramoxine or pramoxine HCI) is a topical anesthetic discovered at Abbott Laboratories in 1953[1] and used as an antipruritic. During research and development, pramocaine hydrochloride stood out among a series of alkoxy aryl alkamine ethers as an especially good topical local anesthetic agent.[1] Pharmacologic study revealed it to be potent and of low acute and subacute toxicity, well tolerated by most mucous membranes and ...
Metformin, sold under the brand name Glucophage, among others, is the first-line medication for the treatment of type 2 diabetes,[6][7][8] particularly in people who are overweight.[9] It is also used in the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome.[6] It is not associated with weight gain[10] and is taken by mouth.[6] It is sometimes used as an off-label augment to attenuate the risk...
Repaglinide is an antidiabetic drug in the class of medications known as meglitinides, and was invented in 1983. Repaglinide is an oral medication used in addition to diet and exercise for blood sugar control in type 2 diabetes mellitus.[1] The mechanism of action of repaglinide involves promoting insulin release from β-islet cells of the pancreas; like other antidiabetic drugs, a main side effect concern is hypoglycemia.[1] It is sold by Novo Nordisk unde...
Pranlukast (brand name Onon, ) is a cysteinyl leukotriene receptor-1 antagonist. This drug works similarly to Merck & Co.'s montelukast (Singulair). It is widely used in Japan. Medications of this class, which go under a variety of names according to whether one looks at the American, British or European system of nomenclature, have as their primary function the antagonism of bronchospasm caused, principally in asthmatics, by an allergic reaction to accidentally or inadvertently encounte...
Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), also known as androstenolone, is an endogenous steroid hormone precursor.[4] It is one of the most abundant circulating steroids in humans.[5] DHEA is produced in the adrenal glands,[6] the gonads, and the brain.[7] It functions as a metabolic intermediate in the biosynthesis of the androgen and estrogen sex steroids both in the gonads and in various other tissues.[4][8&#...
Prasugrel, sold under the brand name Effient in the US, Australia and India, and Efient in the EU) is a medication used to prevent formation of blood clots. It is a platelet inhibitor and an irreversible antagonist of P2Y12 ADP receptors and is of the thienopyridine drug class. It was developed by Daiichi Sankyo Co. and produced by Ube and marketed in the United States in cooperation with Eli Lilly and Company. Prasugrel was approved for use in the European Union in February 2009,[1&a...
Pravastatin, sold under the brand name Pravachol among others, is a statin medication, used for preventing cardiovascular disease in those at high risk and treating abnormal lipids.[3] It should be used together with diet changes, exercise, and weight loss.[3] It is taken by mouth.[3] Common side effects include joint pain, diarrhea, nausea, headaches, and muscle pains.[3] Serious side effects may include rhabdomyolysis, liver pr...
Pravastatin, sold under the brand name Pravachol among others, is a statin medication, used for preventing cardiovascular disease in those at high risk and treating abnormal lipids.[3] It should be used together with diet changes, exercise, and weight loss.[3] It is taken by mouth.[3] Common side effects include joint pain, diarrhea, nausea, headaches, and muscle pains.[3] Serious side effects may include rhabdomyolysis, liver pr...
Aspirin, also known as acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), is a medication used to reduce pain, fever, or inflammation.[5] Specific inflammatory conditions which aspirin is used to treat include Kawasaki disease, pericarditis, and rheumatic fever.[5] Aspirin given shortly after a heart attack decreases the risk of death.[5] Aspirin is also used long-term to help prevent further heart attacks, ischaemic strokes, and blood clots in people at high risk.&am...
Aspirin, also known as acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), is a medication used to reduce pain, fever, or inflammation.[5] Specific inflammatory conditions which aspirin is used to treat include Kawasaki disease, pericarditis, and rheumatic fever.[5] Aspirin given shortly after a heart attack decreases the risk of death.[5] Aspirin is also used long-term to help prevent further heart attacks, ischaemic strokes, and blood clots in people at high risk.&am...
Pramocaine (INN and BAN, also known as pramoxine or pramoxine HCI) is a topical anesthetic discovered at Abbott Laboratories in 1953[1] and used as an antipruritic. During research and development, pramocaine hydrochloride stood out among a series of alkoxy aryl alkamine ethers as an especially good topical local anesthetic agent.[1] Pharmacologic study revealed it to be potent and of low acute and subacute toxicity, well tolerated by most mucous membranes and ...