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Hydroxocobalamin

Hydroxocobalamin, also known as vitamin B12a and hydroxycobalamin, is a vitamin found in food and used as a dietary supplement.[2] As a supplement it is used to treat vitamin B12 deficiency including pernicious anemia.[2][3] Other uses include treatment for cyanide poisoning, Leber's optic atrophy, and toxic amblyopia.[4][5] It is given by injection into a muscle or vein.[3] Side effects are genera...

Drug Index

Labetalol is a medication used to treat high blood pressure and in long term management of angina.[1][2] This includes essential hypertension, hypertensive emergencies, and hypertension of pregnancy.[2] In essential hypertension it is generally less preferred than a number of other blood pressure medications.[1] It can be given by mouth or by injection into a vein.[1] Common side effects include low blood pressure...

Lactase

Lactase is an enzyme produced by many organisms. It is located in the brush border of the small intestine of humans and other mammals. Lactase is essential to the complete digestion of whole milk; it breaks down lactose, a sugar which gives milk its sweetness. Lacking lactase, a person consuming dairy products may experience the symptoms of lactose intolerance.[1] Lactase can be purchased as a food supplement, and is added to milk to produce "lactose-free" milk products. Lact...

Ammonium Lactate

Ammonium lactate is a compound with formula NH4(C2H4(OH)COO). It is the ammonium salt of lactic acid. It has mild anti-bacterial properties. It has E number "E328" and is the active ingredient of the skin lotions Amlactin and Lac-Hydrin.[1] Ammonium lactate is the chemical combination of lactic acid and ammonium hydroxide. It is used as a skin moisturizer lotion to treat dry, scaly, itchy skin. Those who are using it should avoid exposure to sunlight or artificial UV rays, suc...

Ammonium Lactate

Ammonium lactate is a compound with formula NH4(C2H4(OH)COO). It is the ammonium salt of lactic acid. It has mild anti-bacterial properties. It has E number "E328" and is the active ingredient of the skin lotions Amlactin and Lac-Hydrin.[1] Ammonium lactate is the chemical combination of lactic acid and ammonium hydroxide. It is used as a skin moisturizer lotion to treat dry, scaly, itchy skin. Those who are using it should avoid exposure to sunlight or artificial UV rays, suc...

Drug Index

Lacosamide, sold under the brand name Vimpat among others, is a medication used for the treatment of partial-onset seizures and primary generalized tonic-clonic seizures.[1] It is used by mouth or intravenously.[1] It is available as a generic medication.[2] Contents 1 Medical uses 1.1 Off-label use 2 Contraindications 3 Side effects 3.1 Gastrointestinal 3.2 Central nervous system 3.3 Psychiatric 3.4 Cardiovascular 3.5 Allergies 3.6 Warnin...

Artificial Tears

Artificial tears are lubricating eye drops used to relieve dryness and irritation of the ocular surface.[1] Dry eye syndrome (keratoconjunctivitis sicca) is a common ocular surface disorder and is characterized by disruption of the tear film and increased inflammation.[2] The tear film coats the surface of the eye and is composed of 3 layers: an aqueous, lipid, and mucous layer.[3] The aqueous layer consists of a mixture of electrolytes, enzymes...

Hydroxypropyl Cellulose

Hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) is a derivative of cellulose with both water solubility and organic solubility. It is used as an excipient, and topical ophthalmic protectant and lubricant. Contents 1 Chemistry 2 Uses 3 See also 4 Notes and references Chemistry HPC is an ether of cellulose in which some of the hydroxyl groups in the repeating glucose units have been hydroxypropylated forming -OCH2CH(OH)CH3 groups using propylene oxide. The average number of substituted hydroxyl groups p...

Lactase

Lactase is an enzyme produced by many organisms. It is located in the brush border of the small intestine of humans and other mammals. Lactase is essential to the complete digestion of whole milk; it breaks down lactose, a sugar which gives milk its sweetness. Lacking lactase, a person consuming dairy products may experience the symptoms of lactose intolerance.[1] Lactase can be purchased as a food supplement, and is added to milk to produce "lactose-free" milk products. Lact...

Lactase

Lactase is an enzyme produced by many organisms. It is located in the brush border of the small intestine of humans and other mammals. Lactase is essential to the complete digestion of whole milk; it breaks down lactose, a sugar which gives milk its sweetness. Lacking lactase, a person consuming dairy products may experience the symptoms of lactose intolerance.[1] Lactase can be purchased as a food supplement, and is added to milk to produce "lactose-free" milk products. Lact...

Lactase

Lactase is an enzyme produced by many organisms. It is located in the brush border of the small intestine of humans and other mammals. Lactase is essential to the complete digestion of whole milk; it breaks down lactose, a sugar which gives milk its sweetness. Lacking lactase, a person consuming dairy products may experience the symptoms of lactose intolerance.[1] Lactase can be purchased as a food supplement, and is added to milk to produce "lactose-free" milk products. Lact...

Drug Index

Lactase is an enzyme produced by many organisms. It is located in the brush border of the small intestine of humans and other mammals. Lactase is essential to the complete digestion of whole milk; it breaks down lactose, a sugar which gives milk its sweetness. Lacking lactase, a person consuming dairy products may experience the symptoms of lactose intolerance.[1] Lactase can be purchased as a food supplement, and is added to milk to produce "lactose-free" milk products. Lact...

Lactobacillus

Lactinex is a brand name for a probiotic supplement used to replace microorganisms (gut flora) in the human intestines and colon. The brand is a registered trademark of Becton, Dickinson and Company. It may be used to treat diarrhea resulting from infection or when an antibiotic regimen destroys harmful bacteria and beneficial gut flora alike. The principal ingredient is one or more bacteria from the genus Lactobacillus regularly found in unpasteurized milk products (a blend of Lactobacillus ...

Salicylic Acid

Salicylic acid is an organic compound with the formula HOC6H4CO2H. A colorless, bitter-tasting solid, it is a precursor to and a metabolite of aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid). It is a plant hormone,[9] and has been listed by the EPA Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) Chemical Substance Inventory as an experimental teratogen.[10] The name is from Latin salix for willow tree. It is an ingredient in some anti-acne products. Salts and esters of salicylic acid are...

Drug Index

Lactitol is a sugar alcohol used as a replacement bulk sweetener for low calorie foods with 30–40% of the sweetness of sucrose. It is also used medically as a laxative. Lactitol is produced by two manufacturers, Danisco and Purac Biochem.[not verified in body] Contents 1 Applications 1.1 Medical 2 Safety and health 3 History 4 References 5 External links Applications This section does not cite any sources. Please help improve this section by adding citations to...

Drug Index

Lactobacillus is a genus of Gram-positive, aerotolerant anaerobes or microaerophilic, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming bacteria.[2][3] Until March 2020, the genus Lactobacillus comprised over 260 phylogenetically, ecologically, and metabolically diverse species; a taxonomic revision of the genus in 2020 assigned lactobacilli to 25 genera (see §Taxonomy below).[3] Lactobacillus species constitute a significant component of the human and animal...

Drug Index

Prenatal vitamins, also known as prenatal supplements, are vitamin and mineral supplements intended to be taken before and during pregnancy and during postnatal lactation. Although not intended to replace a healthy diet, prenatal vitamins provide women of childbearing age with nutrients recognized by the various health organizations including the American Dietetic Association[citation needed] as helpful for a healthy pregnancy outcome. It may be appropriate to start taking pr...

Lactase

Lactase is an enzyme produced by many organisms. It is located in the brush border of the small intestine of humans and other mammals. Lactase is essential to the complete digestion of whole milk; it breaks down lactose, a sugar which gives milk its sweetness. Lacking lactase, a person consuming dairy products may experience the symptoms of lactose intolerance.[1] Lactase can be purchased as a food supplement, and is added to milk to produce "lactose-free" milk products. Lact...

Drug Index

Lactulose is a non-absorbable sugar used in the treatment of constipation and hepatic encephalopathy.[1][4] It is used by mouth for constipation and either by mouth or in the rectum for hepatic encephalopathy.[1] It generally begins working after 8–12 hours, but may take up to 2 days to improve constipation.[2][3] Common side effects include abdominal bloating and cramps.[1] A potential exist...

Acetaminophen + Phenyltoloxamine

Paracetamol, also known as acetaminophen,[a] is a medication used to treat fever and mild to moderate pain.[11][12] At a standard dose, paracetamol only slightly decreases body temperature;[11][13][14] it is inferior to ibuprofen in that respect,[15] and the benefits of its use for fever are unclear.[11][16][17] Paracetamol may reliev...