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100+ Topics FoundGabapentin, sold under the brand name Neurontin among others, is an anticonvulsant medication primarily used to treat partial seizures and neuropathic pain.[5][6] It is a first-line medication for the treatment of neuropathic pain caused by diabetic neuropathy, postherpetic neuralgia, and central pain.[7] It is moderately effective: about 30-40% of those given gabapentin for diabetic neuropathy or postherpetic neuralgia have a meaningful benefit...
Tiagabine (trade name Gabitril) is an anticonvulsant medication produced by Cephalon that is used in the treatment of epilepsy. The drug is also used off-label in the treatment of anxiety disorders and panic disorder. Contents 1 Medical uses 2 Side effects 3 Warning 4 Overdose 5 Pharmacology 6 Pharmacodynamics 7 Monitoring Parameters 8 History 9 See also 10 References 11 External links Medical uses Tiagabine is approved by U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as an adjunctive treatm...
Baclofen, sold under the brand name Lioresal among others, is a medication used to treat muscle spasticity such as from a spinal cord injury or multiple sclerosis.[6][7] It may also be used for hiccups and muscle spasms near the end of life.[7] It is taken by mouth or by delivery into the spinal canal.[6] Common side effects include sleepiness, weakness, and dizziness.[6] Serious side effects may occur if baclofen...
Gadobutrol (INN) (Gd-DO3A-butrol) is a gadolinium-based MRI contrast agent (GBCA). It received marketing approval in Canada and the United States.[1][2][3][4] As of 2007, it was the only GBCA approved at 1.0 molar concentrations.[5] Gadobutrol is marketed by Bayer AG as Gadovist, and by Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals as Gadavist.[6] In India, it is also marketed by Vivere Imaging as Viv-butrol.&a...
Gadobenic acid (INN, brand name Multihance) is a complex of gadolinium with the ligand BOPTA. In the form of the methylglucamine salt meglumine gadobenate (INNm) or gadobenate dimeglumine (USAN), it is used as a gadolinium-based MRI contrast medium.[3] BOPTA is a derivative of DTPA in which one terminal carboxyl group, –C(O)OH is replaced by -C–O–CH2C6H5. Thus gadobenic acid is closely related to gadopentetic acid. BOPTA itself was first synthesized in 1995.&...
Gadobutrol (INN) (Gd-DO3A-butrol) is a gadolinium-based MRI contrast agent (GBCA). It received marketing approval in Canada and the United States.[1][2][3][4] As of 2007, it was the only GBCA approved at 1.0 molar concentrations.[5] Gadobutrol is marketed by Bayer AG as Gadovist, and by Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals as Gadavist.[6] In India, it is also marketed by Vivere Imaging as Viv-butrol.&a...
Gadodiamide, sold under the brand name Omniscan, is a gadolinium-based MRI contrast agent (GBCA), used in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) procedures to assist in the visualization of blood vessels. Contents 1 Medical uses 2 Adverse effects 3 Society and culture 4 References 5 External links Medical uses .mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatn...
Gadofosveset (trade names Vasovist, Ablavar) is a gadolinium-based MRI contrast agent. It was used as the trisodium salt monohydrate form.[1][2] It acts as a blood pool agent by binding to human serum albumin. The manufacturer (Lantheus Medical) discontinued production in 2017 due to poor sales.[3] Gadofosveset facilitates high-resolution magnetic resonance angiography.[4] Ferumoxytol (trade names Feraheme, Rienso), an intraveno...
Gadopentetic acid, sold under the brand name Magnevist, is a gadolinium-based MRI contrast agent.[1] It is usually administered as a salt of a complex of gadolinium with DTPA (diethylenetriaminepentacetate) with the chemical formula A2[Gd(DTPA)(H2O)]; when cation A is the protonated form of the amino sugar meglumine the salt goes under the name "gadopentetate dimeglumine". It was described in 1981 by Hanns-Joachim Weinmann and colleagues [3] and introduced as t...
Gadoteric acid, sold under the brand name Dotarem among others, is a macrocycle-structured gadolinium-based MRI contrast agent (GBCA). It consists of the organic acid DOTA as a chelating agent, and gadolinium (Gd3+), and is used in form of the meglumine salt (gadoterate meglumine).[3][4] The paramagnetic property of gadoteric acid reduces the T1 relaxation time (and to some extent the T2 and T2* relaxation times) in MRI, which is the source of its clinical uti...
Gadoteridol (INN) is a gadolinium-based MRI contrast agent, used particularly in the imaging of the central nervous system. It is sold under the brand name ProHance. References .mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,t...
Gadoxetic acid is a gadolinium-based MRI contrast agent. Its salt, gadoxetate disodium, is marketed as Primovist in Europe and Eovist in the United States by Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals.[1][3] See also Gadobenic acid Gadopentetic acid References .mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-col...
Migalastat, sold under the brand name Galafold, is a medication for the treatment of Fabry disease, a rare genetic disorder. It was developed by Amicus Therapeutics. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted it orphan drug status in 2004,[1] and the European Commission followed in 2006.[2] The European Medicines Agency's Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) granted the drug a marketing approval under the name Galafold in May 2016.&#...
Galantamine[3] is used for the treatment of cognitive decline in mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease and various other memory impairments.[4][5] It is an alkaloid that has been isolated from the bulbs and flowers of Galanthus nivalis (Common snowdrop), Galanthus caucasicus (Caucasian snowdrop), Galanthus woronowii (Voronov's snowdrop), and some other members of the family Amaryllidaceae, such as Narcissus (daffodil), Leucojum aestivum (snowflak...
Galcanezumab, sold under the brand name Emgality, is a humanized monoclonal antibody used for the prevention of migraine.[1][2] It is also used for cluster headaches.[3] Common side effects include pain or redness at the site of injection.[3][4] Other side effects may include hypersensitivity reactions.[3] A substance called calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) has been shown to be involved in th...
Gallium nitrate (brand name Ganite) is the gallium salt of nitric acid with the chemical formula Ga(NO3)3. It is a drug used to treat symptomatic hypercalcemia secondary to cancer. It works by preventing the breakdown of bone through the inhibition of osteoclast activity, thus lowering the amount of free calcium in the blood.[1][2] Gallium nitrate is also used to synthesize other gallium compounds. Contents 1 History 1.1 Biological activity 2 Preparation 3...
A gallstone is a crystalline concretion formed within the gallbladder by accretion of bile components. These calculi are formed in the gallbladder but may distally pass into other parts of the biliary tract such as the cystic duct, common bile duct, pancreatic duct, or the ampulla of Vater. Rarely, in cases of severe inflammation, gallstones may erode through the gallbladder into adherent bowel potentially causing an obstruction termed gallstone ileus.[1] Presence of gallstones in the gallbla...
Enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) is a medical treatment which replaces an enzyme that is deficient or absent in the body.[1] Usually, this is done by giving the patient an intravenous (IV) infusion of a solution containing the enzyme.[1] ERT is available for some lysosomal storage diseases: Gaucher disease, Fabry disease, MPS I, MPS II (Hunter syndrome), MPS VI and Pompe disease.[1] ERT does not correct the underlying genetic defect, but it incr...
Zinc acetate is a salt with the formula Zn(CH3CO2)2, which commonly occurs as the dihydrate Zn(CH3CO2)2·2H2O. Both the hydrate and the anhydrous forms are colorless solids that have been used as dietary supplements. Zinc acetates are prepared by the action of acetic acid on zinc carbonate or zinc metal. When used as a food additive, it has the E number E650. Contents 1 Uses 2 Basic properties and structures 2.1 Basic zinc acetate 3 See also 4 References Uses Zinc acetate has fe...