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Drug Index

Azacitidine, sold under the brand name Vidaza among others, is a chemical analog of cytidine, a nucleoside in DNA and RNA. Azacitidine and its deoxy derivative, decitabine (also known as 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine), are used in the treatment of myelodysplastic syndrome. Both drugs were first synthesized in Czechoslovakia as potential chemotherapeutic agents for cancer.[5] Contents 1 Uses 1.1 Clinical 1.2 Non-clinical 2 Mechanism of action 2.1 Inhibition of methylation...

Aztreonam

Aztreonam, sold under the brand name Azactam among others, is an antibiotic used primarily to treat infections caused by gram-negative bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa.[1][2] This may include bone infections, endometritis, intra abdominal infections, pneumonia, urinary tract infections, and sepsis.[1] It is given by intravenous or intramuscular injection or by inhalation.[1] Common side effects when given by injection inc...

Azathioprine

Azathioprine (AZA), sold under the brand name Imuran, among others, is an immunosuppressive medication.[2] It is used in rheumatoid arthritis, granulomatosis with polyangiitis, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, and systemic lupus erythematosus, and in kidney transplants to prevent rejection.[2][3][4][5] It is taken by mouth or injected into a vein.[2] Common side effects include bone-marrow supp...

Azithromycin

Azithromycin is an antibiotic medication used for the treatment of a number of bacterial infections.[4] This includes middle ear infections, strep throat, pneumonia, traveler's diarrhea, and certain other intestinal infections.[4] Along with other medications, it may also be used for malaria.[4] It can be taken by mouth or intravenously with doses once per day.[4] Common side effects include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and upset s...

Drug Index

Azatadine (Optimine) is a first-generation antihistamine and anticholinergic that was launched by Schering-Plough in 1973.[1][2] It was patented in 1967.[3] It has been succeeded by both loratadine and desloratadine.[4]: 53  and marketing approvals have been widely withdrawn.[5][6][7][8]: 290 [9&#93...

Drug Index

Pseudoephedrine (PSE) is a sympathomimetic drug of the phenethylamine and amphetamine chemical classes. It may be used as a nasal/sinus decongestant, as a stimulant, or as a wakefulness-promoting agent[4] in higher doses.[5] It was first characterized in 1889, by the German chemists Ladenburg and Oelschlägel, who used a sample that had been isolated from Ephedra vulgaris by the Merck pharmaceutical corporation of Darmstadt, Germany.[6] The...

Drug Index

Azathioprine (AZA), sold under the brand name Imuran, among others, is an immunosuppressive medication.[2] It is used in rheumatoid arthritis, granulomatosis with polyangiitis, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, and systemic lupus erythematosus, and in kidney transplants to prevent rejection.[2][3][4][5] It is taken by mouth or injected into a vein.[2] Common side effects include bone-marrow supp...

Aspirin, ASA + Hydrocodone

Hydrocodone (Dihydrocodeinone) is an opioid used to treat pain and as a cough suppressant.[9] It is taken by mouth.[9] Typically it is dispensed as the combination acetaminophen/hydrocodone or ibuprofen/hydrocodone for pain severe enough to require an opioid[10][11] and in combination with homatropine methylbromide to relieve cough.[9] It is also available by itself in a long-acting form under the brand name Zohyd...

Iobenguane I 131

Iobenguane, or MIBG, is an aralkylguanidine analog of the adrenergic neurotransmitter, typically used as a radiopharmaceutical.[1] It acts as a blocking agent for adrenergic neurons. When radiolabeled, it can be used in nuclear medicinal diagnostic and therapy techniques as well as in neuroendocrine chemotherapy treatments. It localizes to adrenergic tissue and thus can be used to identify the location of tumors such as pheochromocytomas and neuroblastomas.[2] ...

Drug Index

Azelaic acid (AzA) is an organic compound with the formula HOOC(CH2)7COOH.[3] This saturated dicarboxylic acid exists as a white powder. It is found in wheat, rye, and barley. It is a precursor to diverse industrial products including polymers and plasticizers, as well as being a component of a number of hair and skin conditioners.[4] AzA inhibits tyrosinase. Contents 1 Production 2 Biological function 3 Applications 3.1 Polymers and related materials 3.2 M...

Drug Index

Azelastine, sold under the brand name Optivar among others, is a medication primarily used as a nasal spray to treat allergic rhinitis (hay fever) and as eye drops for allergic conjunctivitis.[3] Other uses may include asthma and skin rashes for which it is taken by mouth.[4] Onset of effects is within minutes when used in the eyes and within an hour when used in the nose.[5] Effects last for up to 12 hours.[5] Common side effect...

Drug Index

Azelastine, sold under the brand name Optivar among others, is a medication primarily used as a nasal spray to treat allergic rhinitis (hay fever) and as eye drops for allergic conjunctivitis.[3] Other uses may include asthma and skin rashes for which it is taken by mouth.[4] Onset of effects is within minutes when used in the eyes and within an hour when used in the nose.[5] Effects last for up to 12 hours.[5] Common side effect...

Azelaic Acid

Azelaic acid (AzA) is an organic compound with the formula HOOC(CH2)7COOH.[3] This saturated dicarboxylic acid exists as a white powder. It is found in wheat, rye, and barley. It is a precursor to diverse industrial products including polymers and plasticizers, as well as being a component of a number of hair and skin conditioners.[4] AzA inhibits tyrosinase. Contents 1 Production 2 Biological function 3 Applications 3.1 Polymers and related materials 3.2 M...

Rasagiline Mesylate

Rasagiline (Azilect, Azipron) is an irreversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase-B[2] used as a monotherapy to treat symptoms in early Parkinson's disease or as an adjunct therapy in more advanced cases.[3] The racemic form of the drug was invented by Aspro Nicholas in the early 1970s. Moussa B.H. Youdim identified it as a potential drug for Parkinson's disease, and working with collaborators at Technion– Israel Institute of Technology in Israel and the d...

Drug Index

Azilsartan is an angiotensin II receptor antagonist used in the treatment of hypertension,[1][2][3] developed by Takeda. It is marketed in tablet form under the brand name Edarbi as the prodrug azilsartan medoxomil.[4] The most common adverse reaction in adults is diarrhea.[1] It is also sold as a combination drug with chlortalidone under the brand name Edarbyclor.[5] Contents 1 Structure activit...

Drug Index

Azilsartan is an angiotensin II receptor antagonist used in the treatment of hypertension,[1][2][3] developed by Takeda. It is marketed in tablet form under the brand name Edarbi as the prodrug azilsartan medoxomil.[4] The most common adverse reaction in adults is diarrhea.[1] It is also sold as a combination drug with chlortalidone under the brand name Edarbyclor.[5] Contents 1 Structure activit...

Drug Index

Azimilide is a class ΙΙΙ antiarrhythmic drug (used to control abnormal heart rhythms). The agents from this heterogeneous group have an effect on the repolarization, they prolong the duration of the action potential and the refractory period. Also they slow down the spontaneous discharge frequency of automatic pacemakers by depressing the slope of diastolic depolarization. They shift the threshold towards zero or hyperpolarize the membrane potential. Although each agent has its...

Drug Index

Azithromycin is an antibiotic medication used for the treatment of a number of bacterial infections.[4] This includes middle ear infections, strep throat, pneumonia, traveler's diarrhea, and certain other intestinal infections.[4] Along with other medications, it may also be used for malaria.[4] It can be taken by mouth or intravenously with doses once per day.[4] Common side effects include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and upset s...

Triamcinolone

Triamcinolone is a glucocorticoid used to treat certain skin diseases, allergies, and rheumatic disorders among others.[6] It is also used to prevent worsening of asthma and COPD.[6] It can be taken in various ways including by mouth, injection into a muscle, and inhalation.[6] Common side effects with long-term use include osteoporosis, cataracts, thrush, and muscle weakness.[6] Serious side effects may include psychosis, increa...

Cranberry, Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait.

Cranberries are a group of evergreen dwarf shrubs or trailing vines in the subgenus Oxycoccus of the genus Vaccinium. In Britain, cranberry may refer to the native species Vaccinium oxycoccos,[1] while in North America, cranberry may refer to Vaccinium macrocarpon.[2] Vaccinium oxycoccos is cultivated in central and northern Europe, while Vaccinium macrocarpon is cultivated throughout the northern United States, Canada and Chile.[3] In some meth...